‘For human coronaviruses, 4 known seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs) have long been circulating in human populations, including 2 alphacoronaviruses (NL63 and 229E) and 2 betacoronaviruses (OC43 and HKU1). Therefore, it is possible that once endemic, SARS-CoV-2, a betacoronavirus, will follow the same seasonal patterns as the sCoVs.’
‘In the temperate sites excluding China, 53.1% of the sCoV cases (interquartile range [IQR], 34.6%–61.9%) occurred during influenza season (defined by the top 3 months with highest AAP), and 49.6% of the sCoV cases (IQR, 30.2%–60.2%) occurred during RSV season. Less overlap was observed in the tropical sites as well as temperate sites in China between sCoV activity and influenza/RSV activity (20% during influenza season and 29% during RSV season; Supplementary Figure 3).
Meteorological Factors and Seasonality of sCoVs
A total of 17 studies with >100 positive sCoV cases were included in our model (including 2 sites from temperate China). Low temperature with higher relative humidity was found to be associated with higher proportion of sCoV cases; dew point was observed to have similar relationship with sCoV activity as temperature (Figure 6). Similar results were found from the model excluding 2 temperate sites from China (Supplementary Figure 4).’
‘In the present study, we described the month-by-month activity of sCoVs in 40 sites from 21 countries. We found that sCoVs occurred mainly in winter months in temperate sites except for China and was less seasonal in China and tropical sites. We highlighted a high proportion of co-circulating sCoV cases during influenza virus and RSV seasons, implicating the possibility of a substantial increase in the demand to healthcare system resources during wintertime.’
‘....the seasonality of different species of sCoVs in our study provides important baseline data for epidemiology and modeling studies in understanding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and sCoVs; a recent study supported the cross-reactive T-cell recognition between sCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 [14].’
‘One of the lessons learned from the history of influenza pandemics is its transition from pandemic to seasonal circulation and the replacement of existing strain(s) with the pandemic strain. Although it is not clear how the existing sCoVs initially emerged or whether they had previously replaced any viruses, understanding the global seasonality of sCoVs would undoubtedly offer some clues on the possible postpandemic circulating season of SARS-CoV-2 and contribute to the knowledge pool for the postpandemic preparedness for SARS-CoV-2.’
In Temperate climates the Alpha and Beta Seasonal Corona Viruses (sCoV’s) from various studies analyses within this study show that the sCoV’s generally appear December to end April peaking in February and March.
Seasons mean nothing if they are located near the equator or the poles.
Take Queensland, NSW, Victoria. Qld has had hardly any cases; it had days of zip cases; whereas NSW has had more; and Victoria the most! NSW and Victoria vax rates are similar; Qld's are a bit lower.
Qld climate is "beautiful one day, perfect the next".
Now compare the "seasons" of Chanada and areas around there.
The season for coronaviruses in the northern hemisphere is approximately mid January to mid April peaking in February and March.
Global Seasonality of Human Seasonal Coronaviruses: A Clue for Postpandemic Circulating Season of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2?
You Li,1 Xin Wang,1 and Harish Nair1,2
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7454715/
‘For human coronaviruses, 4 known seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs) have long been circulating in human populations, including 2 alphacoronaviruses (NL63 and 229E) and 2 betacoronaviruses (OC43 and HKU1). Therefore, it is possible that once endemic, SARS-CoV-2, a betacoronavirus, will follow the same seasonal patterns as the sCoVs.’
‘In the temperate sites excluding China, 53.1% of the sCoV cases (interquartile range [IQR], 34.6%–61.9%) occurred during influenza season (defined by the top 3 months with highest AAP), and 49.6% of the sCoV cases (IQR, 30.2%–60.2%) occurred during RSV season. Less overlap was observed in the tropical sites as well as temperate sites in China between sCoV activity and influenza/RSV activity (20% during influenza season and 29% during RSV season; Supplementary Figure 3).
Meteorological Factors and Seasonality of sCoVs
A total of 17 studies with >100 positive sCoV cases were included in our model (including 2 sites from temperate China). Low temperature with higher relative humidity was found to be associated with higher proportion of sCoV cases; dew point was observed to have similar relationship with sCoV activity as temperature (Figure 6). Similar results were found from the model excluding 2 temperate sites from China (Supplementary Figure 4).’
‘In the present study, we described the month-by-month activity of sCoVs in 40 sites from 21 countries. We found that sCoVs occurred mainly in winter months in temperate sites except for China and was less seasonal in China and tropical sites. We highlighted a high proportion of co-circulating sCoV cases during influenza virus and RSV seasons, implicating the possibility of a substantial increase in the demand to healthcare system resources during wintertime.’
‘....the seasonality of different species of sCoVs in our study provides important baseline data for epidemiology and modeling studies in understanding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and sCoVs; a recent study supported the cross-reactive T-cell recognition between sCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 [14].’
‘One of the lessons learned from the history of influenza pandemics is its transition from pandemic to seasonal circulation and the replacement of existing strain(s) with the pandemic strain. Although it is not clear how the existing sCoVs initially emerged or whether they had previously replaced any viruses, understanding the global seasonality of sCoVs would undoubtedly offer some clues on the possible postpandemic circulating season of SARS-CoV-2 and contribute to the knowledge pool for the postpandemic preparedness for SARS-CoV-2.’
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7454715/
See figures.....
In Temperate climates the Alpha and Beta Seasonal Corona Viruses (sCoV’s) from various studies analyses within this study show that the sCoV’s generally appear December to end April peaking in February and March.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7454715/
Seasonality AND regionality.
Seasons mean nothing if they are located near the equator or the poles.
Take Queensland, NSW, Victoria. Qld has had hardly any cases; it had days of zip cases; whereas NSW has had more; and Victoria the most! NSW and Victoria vax rates are similar; Qld's are a bit lower.
Qld climate is "beautiful one day, perfect the next".
Now compare the "seasons" of Chanada and areas around there.